Effect of allelic variation at the Glu-3/Gli-1 loci on breadmaking quality parameters in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS) encoded by the Glu-3 loci are known to contribute to wheat breadmaking quality. However, the specific effect of individual Glu-3 alleles is not well understood due to their complex protein banding patterns in SDS-PAGE and tight linkage with gliadins at the Gli-1 locus. Using DNA markers and a backcross program, we developed a set of nine near isogenic lines (NILs) including different Glu-A3/Gli-A1 or Glu-B3/Gli-B1 alleles in the genetic background of the Argentine variety ProINTA Imperial. The nine NILs and the control were evaluated in three different field trials in Argentina. Significant genotype-by-environment interactions were detected for most quality parameters indicating that the effects of the Glu-3/Gli-1 alleles are modulated by environmental differences. None of the NILs showed differences in total flour protein content, but relative changes in the abundance of particular classes of proteins cannot be ruled out. On average, the Glu-A3f, Glu-B3b, Glu-B3g and Glu-B3i_Man alleles were associated with the highest values in gluten strength-related parameters, while Glu-A3e, Glu-B3a and Glu-B3i_Chu were consistently associated with weak gluten and low quality values. The value of different Glu-3/Gli-1 allele combinations to improve breadmaking quality is discussed.     

杂交粳稻“秋优金丰”高产制种技术的优化

提高杂交稻制种产量是降低水稻种子生产成本、加速杂交稻推广的有效途径之一。试验选用杂交粳稻＂秋优金丰＂亲本-R44和秋丰A为材料,对两亲本的生育特性和开花习性进行观察,开展了一系列杂交粳稻＂秋优金丰＂相关制种技术和栽培技术的研究。结果表明,采用机插秧、割叶处理、适宜的肥水,以及＂920＂农药对制种亲本的穗位差和花期的调节等处理有利于杂交制种产量的提高。这为该品种的大面积推广提供相应的技术支持。     

甜樱桃砧木品种嫩茎段离体培养技术

以甜樱桃砧木品种"吉塞拉6号"春季萌发的半木质化新枝为外植体,经清洗消毒后切成1cm长茎段,接种于发生培养基上诱导萌发无菌芽,继而培育成无菌系。经过连续继代增殖和生根培养,培育成试管苗。将试管苗移入"泥炭+椰糠+珍珠岩"基质中进行炼苗,成活率达到了96%以上,培养二个月后移入塑料穴盘中,育成高质量的"穴盘苗"。研究表明发生培养基配方为1/2MS+3.0mg/L ZT+0.3mg/L IBA+2.0mg/L活性炭;增殖培养基配方为MS+1.0mg/L BA+0.1mg/L NAA为宜;生根培养基以1/2MS+0.3mg/L IBA。三个培养阶段的培养基配方及培养室光温调控、试管苗炼苗技术组成整个组织培养快繁技术体系,为甜樱桃嫁接育苗奠定了良好基础。     

农杆菌介导茄子叶转基因体系的建立

本文选择3份茄核心种质,研究Hyg B浓度、农杆菌浓度(OD600)、侵染时间、共培养时间对茄遗传转化效果的影响。同时,选择7份核心种质进行转化研究,以确定茄遗传转化的最佳受体。结果表明,筛选阳性植株的最适Hyg B浓度为50mg/L;菌液浓度(OD_(600))0.6,侵染外植体15min和共培养4d时,抗性愈伤百分率最高;获得的Hyg B抗性植株,经PCR检测及GUS组织化学鉴定,确认外源基因GUS已成功整合到茄基因组中;不同茄遗传型转化效果差异较大,最高转化率可达到10%。     

QuEChERS-UPLC-MS/MS法快速筛查稻米和稻茎中42种农药残留

建立了QuEChERS前处理技术结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱 (UPLC-MS/MS) 同时检测稻米和稻茎中42种农药残留的分析方法。样品经乙腈涡旋提取、QuEChERS净化管净化，C₁₈超高效液相色谱柱分离后，在电喷雾正离子 (ESI+) 模式下，通过多反应监测正离子模式进行检测，采用基质匹配标准曲线峰面积外标法进行定量分析。结果表明:在0.01~0.2 mg/L范围内，42种农药的质量浓度与对应的峰面积间线性关系良好，R2 > 0.99，检出限为0.001~0.002 mg/kg。在0.01、0.02、0.05、0.1和0.2 mg/kg 5个添加水平下，42种农药在稻米和稻茎中的平均回收率均为70%~117%，相对标准偏差 (RSD) 稻米为1.5%~15%和稻茎为0.9%~15%。该方法具有操作简单、快速、灵敏度高、准确度高等优点，适用于稻米和稻茎中多种类农药残留的快速筛查分析。     

都市稻鸭种养共作田病虫草的发生与生防技术

研究鸭子在稻鸭种养共作田复合生态系统中对病虫草害及蜘蛛影响.试验结果表明:放入鸭200只/hm2,适当早放鸭(7月10日、7月17日放鸭)有利于提高地表水层中的溶解氧.7月17日、7月24日放鸭,有利于提高土壤表层硝酸根、有机碳、总碳、铵态氮营养积累.稻鸭田对农田杂草的控制率为90％.稻鸭田、苦参碱田、常规施药田每50穴稻飞虱发生量分别为200头以下、300头以下和350头以下.稻鸭共作田的蜘蛛群落少于生防田和化防田.稻鸭群在稻田中觅食可以增强水稻抗倒伏能力.